April 9

April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). There are 266 days remaining.

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Events

• 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans).
• 1241 - Battle of Liegnitz: Mongol forces defeats the Polish and German armies.
• 1682 - Robert de LaSalle discovers the mouth of the Mississippi River, claims it for France and names it Louisiana.
• 1865 - American Civil War: Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia (26,765 troops) to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, effectively ending the war.
• 1867 - Alaska purchase: By a single vote, the United States Senate ratifies a treaty with Russia for the purchase of Alaska.
• 1909 - The United States Congress passes the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act.
• 1913 - The Brooklyn Dodgers' Ebbets Field opens.
• 1916 - World War I: Battle of Verdun - German forces launch their third offensive of the battle.
• 1917 - World War I: Battle of Arras - The battle begins with Canadian forces executing a massive assault on the Vimy Ridge.
• 1939 - Marian Anderson sings at the Lincoln Memorial, after having been refused the right to sing at the Daughters of the American Revolution's Constitution Hall.
• 1940 - World War II: Germany invades Denmark and Norway.
• 1942 - World War II: Battle of Bataan/Bataan Death March - United States forces surrender on the Bataan Peninsula.
• 1947 - The Glazier-Higgins-Woodward Tornadoes kill 181 and injure 970 in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas.
• 1948 - Massacre at Deir Yassin.
• 1953 - Warner Brothers premieres the first 3-D film, entitled House of Wax
• 1959 - Mercury program: NASA announces the selection of the United States' first seven astronauts which the news media quickly dub the "Mercury Seven".
• 1967 - The first Boeing 737 (a 100 series) takes its maiden flight.
• 1969 - The "Chicago Eight" plead not guilty on federal charges of conspiracy to incite a riot at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, Illinois.
• 1986 - The government of France rules against the privatization of French automaker Renault.
• 1987 - Dikye Baggett becomes the first person to undergo corrective surgery for Parkinson's disease.
• 1991 - Georgia declares its independence from the Soviet Union.
• 1992 - Manuel Noriega is convicted of eight crimes.
• 1992 - John Major wins the UK general election.
• 1998 - The National Prisoner of War Museum is dedicated in Andersonville, Georgia, on the site of an American Civil War POW camp.
• 1999 - Ismail Omar Guelleh is elected president of Djibouti.
• 1999 - Nigerian President Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara is assassinated.
• 2002 - The funeral of HM Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother of the United Kingdom is held at Westminster Abbey.
• 2003 - 2003 invasion of Iraq: The Ba'ath regime headed by Saddam Hussein in Iraq is deposed.

Births

• 1773 - Étienne Aignan, translator, political writer, librettist, playwright, member of the Académie française (d. 1824)
• 1806 - Isambard Kingdom Brunel, engineer (d. 1859)
• 1821 - Charles Baudelaire, lyricist (d. 1867)
• 1830 - Eadweard Muybridge, photographer, motion picture pioneer (d. 1904)
• 1835 - King Leopold II of Belgium (d. 1909)
• 1848 - Helene Lange, teacher (d. 1930)
• 1867 - Chris Watson, third Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1941)
• 1897 - John B. Gambling, radio talk-show host (d. 1974)
• 1898 - Paul Robeson, singer, political activist (d. 1976)
• 1903 - Ward Bond, actor (d. 1960)
• 1904 - Sharkey Bonano, jazz musician (d. 1972)
• 1905 - J. William Fulbright, former Senator from Arkansas (d. 1995)
• 1906 - Antal Dorati, Hungarian conductor (d. 1988)
• 1908 - Victor Vasarely, painter (d. 1997)
• 1912 - Lew Kopelew (Lev Kopelev), author (d. 1997)
• 1919 - J. Presper Eckert, inventor of the ENIAC computer
• 1925 - Heinz Nixdorf, industrialist (d. 1985)
• 1926 - Hugh Hefner, editor, publisher
• 1928 - Tom Lehrer, musician and satirist
• 1932 - Carl Perkins, country and rockabilly musician (d. 1998)
• 1933 - Jean-Paul Belmondo, actor
• 1935 - Avery Schreiber, actor (d. 2002)
• 1945 - Peter Gammons, baseball sportswriter, journalist
• 1954 - Dennis Quaid, actor (The Right Stuff, Any Given Sunday, Traffic)
• 1954 - Iain Duncan Smith, United Kingdom MP
• 1957 - Seve Ballesteros, Spanish golfer
• 1965 - Jeff Zucker, American television executive
• 1968 - Gillian Anderson, actress
• 1972 - Emir Delalic Zeko, Bosnian designer
• 1974 - Jenna Jameson, Porn Star
• 1975 - Robbie Fowler, football (soccer) striker
• 1976 - Aaron Morris, musician DJ producer
• 1978 - Jorge Andrade, football player
• 1978 - Rachel Stevens, singer
• 1981 - Eric Harris, one of the Columbine High School massacre gunmen (d. 1999)
• 1987 - Jessie McCartney, member of boy band Dreamstreet and actor WB11's Summerland

Deaths

• 491 - Zeno, Byzantine emperor
• 1024 - Pope Benedict VIII
• 1137 - William X, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 1099)
• 1553 - François Rabelais, writer (b. c. 1493)
• 1626 - Sir Francis Bacon, philosopher, statesman, essayist (b. 1561)
• 1804 - Jacques Necker, french statesman, finance minister of Louis XVI (b. 1732)
• 1889 - Michel Eugène Chevreul, French chemist (b. 1786)
• 1940 - Mrs. Patrick Campbell, actress (b. 1865)
• 1945 - Wilhelm Canaris, chief of the Abwehr (b. 1887)
• 1945 - Dietrich Bonhoeffer, theologian and martyr, hanged at Flossenburg concentration camp (b. 1906)
• 1959 - Frank Lloyd Wright, architect (b. 1867)
• 1963 - Eddie Edwards, jazz musician (b. 1891)
• 1976 - Phil Ochs, singer (b. 1940)
• 1991 - Martin Hannett, record producer (b. 1948)
• 2002 - Leopold Vietoris, Austrian mathematician (b. 1891)

Holidays and observances

• Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Jalál (Glory) - First day of the second month of the Bahá'í Calendar
• Good Friday (2004)

April 8 - April 10 - March 9 - May 9 -- listing of all days

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