Electrical conductivity
Electrical conductivity is a measure of how well a material accommodates the transport of electric charge. Its SI derived unit is the siemens per metre, (A2s3m-3kg-1) (named after Werner von Siemens). It is the ratio of the current density to the electric field strength. This applies also to the electrolytic conductivity of a fluid.
Conductance is an electrical phenomenon where a material contains movable particles with electric charge, which can carry electricity. When a difference of electrical potential is placed across a conductor, its movable charges flow, and an electric current appears.
A conductor such as a metal has high conductivity, and an insulator like glass or a vacuum has low conductivity. A semiconductor has a conductivity that varies widely under different conditions, such as exposure of the material to electric fields or certain frequencies of light.
Electrical conductivity is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity (1/[Ω·m]).
SI electricity units
| SI electricity units Edit (http://www.mywiseowl.com/index.php?title=Template:SI_electricity_units&action=edit) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| SI Base unit | |||
| Name | Symbol | Quantity | Notes |
| ampere | A | Current | |
| SI Derived units | |||
| Name | Symbol | Quantity | Notes |
| volt | V | Potential difference | |
| ohm | Ω | Resistance, Impedance, Reactance | |
| farad | F | Capacitance | |
| henry | H | Inductance | |
| siemens | S | Conductance, Admittance, Susceptance | =Ω−1 |
| coulomb | C | Electric charge | |
| ohm · metre | Ω · m | Resistivity | |
| siemens per metre | S / m | Conductivity | |
| henry per metre | H /m | Permeability | μ |
| farad per metre | F / m | Permittivity | ε |
| reciprocal farad | F−1 | Elastance | =F−1 |
See also
- electrical conduction for a discussion of the physical origin of electrical conductivity
- electrical resistance
- electrical resistivity
External links
For the use of conductivity measurements to record pH spectra which shows the interaction between different molecules as a function of the degree of dissociation of their functional groups, see the following external links:
- "The Theoprax Method" (http://www.theoprax-research.com/theoprax.pdf) (PDF)
- Cordis Online Abstract (http://www.theoprax-research.com/cordisth.htm)
ca:Conductivitat elèctrica da:Elektrisk ledningsevne de:Elektrische Leitfähigkeit es:Conductancia eléctrica fi:Sähkönjohtavuus fr:Conductivité électrique nl:Elektrische geleidbaarheid pl:Konduktywność ro:Conductibilitate electrică sl:električna prevodnost sv:Konduktivitet