October 28

October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining.

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Events

• 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman emperor.
• 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine the Great defeats the forces of Maxentius. Roman emporer Constantine converts himself and the empire to Christianity.
• 1492 - Christopher Columbus lands in Cuba.
• 1516 - Battle of Yaunis Khan: Turkish forces under the Grand Vizier Sinan Pasha defeat the Mameluks near Gaza.
• 1776 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of White Plains - British forces arrive at White Plains, attack and capture Chatterton Hill from the Americans.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Second Battle of Fair Oaks ends - Union forces under General Ulysses S. Grant withdraw from Fair Oaks, Virginia, after failing to breach the Confederate defenses around Richmond, Virginia.
• 1868 - Thomas Edison applied for his first patent, the electric vote recorder.
• 1886 - In New York Harbor, US President Grover Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty.
• 1918 - Czechoslovakia gains its independence from Austria-Hungary
• 1919 - Prohibition begins: The United States Congress passes the Volstead Act over President Woodrow Wilson's veto.
• 1922 - March on Rome: Italian fascists led by Benito Mussolini march on Rome and take over the Italian government with the assistance of the Catholic Church; pope Pius XI declares that "Mussolini is a man sent by divine providence."
• 1936 - US President Franklin Roosevelt rededicates the Statue of Liberty on its 50th anniversary.
• 1940 - World War II: Italy invades Greece.
• 1942 - The Alaska Highway is completed.
• 1948 - Swiss chemist Paul Müller is awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT.
• 1949 - Georges Bidault becomes Prime Minister of France
• 1950 - The Jack Benny Show, starring Jack Benny, premiers (it ran for 15 years).
• 1958 - Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli becomes Pope and takes the name Pope John XXIII.
• 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis: Soviet Union leader Nikita Khrushchev announces that he had ordered the removal of Soviet missile bases in Cuba.
• 1965 - Nostra Aetate, the "Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions" of the Second Vatican Council, was promulgated by Pope Paul VI; it absolves the Jews of the alleged killing of Jesus, reversing Innocent III's declaration from 760 years ago.
• 1965 - In St. Louis, Missouri, the 630-foot-tall catenarian steel Gateway Arch is completed.
• 1970 - land speed record set by Gary Gabelich in a rocket powered automobile called the Blue Flame
• 1976 - John D. Ehrlichman, former domestic policy adviser of Nixon and convicted Watergate felon, arrives at the Swift Trail Camp minimum-security facility in southeastern Arizona.
• 1986 - The centennial of the Statue of Liberty's dedication is celebrated in New York Harbor.
• 1988 - Abortion: 48 hours after announcing it was abandoning RU-486, French manufacturer Roussel Uclaf states that it would resume distribution of the drug, bowing to pressure from the government of France.
• 1998 - An Air China jetliner is hijacked by disgruntled pilot Yuan Bin and flown to Taiwan. After landing the plane safely, Yuan Bin was arrested.

Births

• 1718 - Ignacije Szentmartony, Croat geographer (d. 1793)
• 1793 - Eliphalet Remington, firearm manufacturer (d. 1861)
• 1804 - Pierre François Verhulst
• 1846 - Georges Auguste Escoffier, chef
• 1875 - Gilbert Grosvenor
• 1879 - E.M. Forster, novelist (d. 1970)
• 1892 - Dink Johnson, jazz musician (d. 1954)
• 1896 - Howard Hanson, composer
• 1902 - Elsa Lanchester, actress (d. 1986)
• 1903 - Evelyn Waugh, novelist (d. 1966)
• 1907 - Edith Head, costumer (d. 1981)
• 1909 - Francis Bacon, painter
• 1912 - Richard Doll, epidemiologist
• 1914 - Dr. Jonas Salk, scientist, discoverer of polio vaccine (d. 1995)
• 1915 - Paul Jarrico, screenwriter (d. 1997)
• 1916 - Jack Soo, actor (d. 1979)
• 1922 - Simon Muzenda, Zimbabwean politician (d. 2003)
• 1930 - Bernie Ecclestone, Formula 1 racing tycoon
• 1932 - Suzy Parker, actress
• 1937 - Charlie Daniels, musician
• 1938 - Anne Perry, novelist
• 1939 - Jane Alexander, actress
• 1944 - Dennis Franz, actor
• 1945 - Wayne Fontana, musician
• 1948 - Telma Hopkins, singer
• 1949 - Bruce Jenner, athlete
• 1955 - Bill Gates, software tycoon, co-founder and Chairman of Microsoft
• 1956 - Andy Freedman, co-founder of onecer trade exchange (http://www.onecer.net)
• 1964 - Henry Adewoye, Physician, inventor
• 1964 - Paul Wylie, figure skating champion
• 1967 - Julia Roberts, actress
• 1974 - Joaquin Phoenix, actor
• 1984 - Bhisham Harchandani

Deaths

• 1704 - John Locke, philosopher
• 1794 - John Smeaton, civil engineer
• 1952 - Billy Hughes, seventh Prime Minister of Australia
• 2001 - Grigori Tschuchrai, movie director
• 2002 - Margaret Booth, film editor
• 2002 - Erling Persson, entrepreneur (Hennes & Mauritz)

Holidays and observances

• Feast day of Saint Jude Thaddaeus
• Greece - Oxi (No) Day
• Czech Republic - Independence Day (Founding Day)

October 27 - October 29 - November 28 - September 28 - more historical anniversaries

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